Europol published two reports urging organizations, policymakers, and the cryptocurrency industry to prepare for the threat posed by quantum computers capable of breaking current encryption systems.
The first report, produced by the agency’s European Cybercrime Centre, identifies digital wallets as the primary point of exposure to quantum attacks, given that a sufficiently powerful machine could derive a private key from a public key visible on the blockchain, allowing an attacker to spend funds without authorization.
The hash functions underpinning mining, by contrast, are considered largely resistant to this type of threat.
The second report, developed in collaboration with the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, analyzes the tactic of harvesting encrypted data today to decrypt it later, identifying protocols such as TLS and SSH among the most vulnerable.
Europol recommends a phased transition toward post-quantum cryptography and proposes the creation of a working group led by the European Commission that includes the cybersecurity agency ENISA to periodically advise legislators.
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